“Parenteral nutrition is the intravenous administration of nutrition outside of

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“Parenteral nutrition is the intravenous administration of nutrition outside of the gastrointestinal tract. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is when the IV administered nutrition is the only source of nutrition the patient is receiving. Total parenteral nutrition is indicated when there is impaired gastrointestinal function and contraindications to enteral nutrition. Enteral diet intake is preferred over parenteral as it is inexpensive and associated with fewer complications such as infection and blood clots but requires a functional GI system” (Hamden & Puckett, 2022, para. 3).
Identify side effects and adverse events related to total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and intervene as
appropriate (e.g., hyperglycemia, fluid imbalance, infection)
Educate client on the need for and use of TPN
Apply knowledge of nursing procedures and psychomotor skills when caring for a client receiving TPN
Apply knowledge of client pathophysiology and mathematics to TPN interventions
Administer parenteral nutrition and evaluate client response
Research TPN and complete the concept map assignment , templete attached. 
Adress Topics and  include:
Indications for use
Contraindications
Administration
Side effects
What is in TPN?
Testing, ongoing monitoring
Nursing interventions
Client teaching
References

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